![\"\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f](\"http:\/\/www.tioxhua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/thb9l-vmiek.webp\")
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\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629: \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 ANSI O5.1 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h2>\n
\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a ASTM \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629: \u062d\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a (A325 \u0623\u0648 A354 \u0623\u0648 A490 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0627) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645: \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 AWS. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
![\"\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a](\"http:\/\/www.tioxhua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/t334e-n5p20.webp\")
\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h2>\n
\u064a\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f: \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626<\/strong>:: \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 2 \u0642\u062f\u0645) \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 ANSI O5.1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/strong>:: \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f 5 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 RUS \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/h2>\n
\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 (\u0645\u062b\u0645\u0646\u0629) \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n
\n \n\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/th>\n \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a (\u0642\u062f\u0645\/\u0645)<\/th>\n \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a (\u0645\u0645\/\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/th>\n \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0645\/\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/th>\n \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a (\u0645\u0645\/\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/th>\n \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n 20-40 \u0642\u062f\u0645 (6-12 \u0645)<\/td>\n 60-90 \u0645\u0645 (2.4-3.5 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n 90-180 \u0645\u0645 (3.5-7.0 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n 2.3-4.0 \u0645\u0645 (0.09-0.16 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n 40-70 \u0642\u062f\u0645 (12-21 \u0645)<\/td>\n 90-140 \u0645\u0645 (3.5-5.5 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n 180-305 \u0645\u0645 (7.0-12.0 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n 3.5-6.4 \u0645\u0645 (0.14-0.25 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n 55-95 \u0642\u062f\u0645 (17-29 \u0645)<\/td>\n 100-160 \u0645\u0645 (4-6.3 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n 250-400 \u0645\u0645 (9.8-15.7 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n 4.0 - 8.0 \u0645\u0645 (0.16 - 0.31 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n 60-150 \u0642\u062f\u0645 (18-46 \u0645)<\/td>\n 150-300 \u0645\u0645 (6-12 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n 400-900 \u0645\u0645 (15.7-35.4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n 6.4 - 16 \u0645\u0645 (0.25 - 0.63 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 H (\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630)<\/td>\n \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629<\/td>\n \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635<\/td>\n \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635<\/td>\n 6.4 - 19 \u0645\u0645 (0.25 - 0.75 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/td>\n \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0626\u0629 ANSI \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645.<\/p>\n
\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/h2>\n
\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0643 AASHTO\/ASTM. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/h2>\n
\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/strong>:: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 7% \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/strong>:: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/strong>:: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong>:: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n
\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\/\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u062d\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/strong>:: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong>:: \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/strong>:: \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642<\/strong>:: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong>:: \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/strong>:: \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/strong>:: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/strong>:: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n
\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/h2>\n
\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong>:: \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621) \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:: \u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0636<\/strong>:: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0642.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:: \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a - \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 1 - \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 2 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 (WPS) \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a A325\/A490)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 3 - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 4 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 (\u062c\u0645\/\u0645\u00b2)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631) \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 5 - \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 6 - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n
1) \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u061f<\/strong>
\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (ASCE)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 (NESC) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM\/AWS \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0640 ANSI \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628.<\/p>\n2) \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong>
\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a ANSI O5.1 \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n3) \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627\u061f<\/strong>
\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n4) \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u061f<\/strong>
\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n5) \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u061f<\/strong>
\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n6) \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/strong>
\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 NDT\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n7) \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b\u061f<\/strong>
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